10 Reasons for Executive Failure

Written on Thursday, June 25, 2009 by Eva



A derailed executive is an previously-named high-potential employee who has reached the middle management level, only to find that there is little chance of future advancement (as previously thought) due to a misfit between job requirements and personal skills. Thus, the executive either plateaus or leaves the organization altogether. That is the original CCL studies definition. Sometimes the term also refers to leaders who experience big failures after reaching the executive spot and, more recently, those involved in ethical scandals.

Whatever your definition of a bad leader is, most have several of the following 10 leadership shortcomings:

Lack of energy/enthusiasm: OK so some people are less visibly enthusiastic than others, thanks to a personality trait called introversion. But there's an effort to be made, no matter what your personality style, to covey and inspire energy and enthusiasm in your team. And there is NEVER an excuse for complaining. Either do it, change it, or leave it.

Accepting your own mediocre performance: If you don't hold yourself to high standards, you can't be responsible for others' performance. Worse, yet, making excuses for your own mediocre performance. There are plenty of options for learning and development. Use them.

Lack of clear vision and direction: Too much doing and not enough thinking = Bad idea.

Poor judgment: This includes making poor decisions. Ask your team for advice. They may have data, ideas, and knowledge that you don't.

Refusal to collaborate: There is a downside to being too independent. When you see other team members as competition, you miss out on getting their support when you may need it.

Not walking the talk: When you set a standard for behavior or for performance, hold yourself accountable as well! If people see you violating your own rules, your word will not be respected.

Resisting new ideas: Don't turn down others' ideas if you cannot offer a better solution of your own.

Not learning from mistakes: It's ok to make a mistake. Most people won't blame you for that. It's when you make the same mistake. Over and over and over. And then complaining about it and/or shifting the blame.

Lack of interpersonal skills: Too mean, too harsh, or too detached. Being ignorant of others' emotions and your impact on them is not a sustainable behavioral style if you want your company/department to succeed.

Failure to develop others: By this point, the focus on your individual performance is old news. The question now becomes, what can your people accomplish as a collective group?

These may sound like obvious flaws. They're not. It is so easy to be unaware of your own bad behavior and people are very unlikely to point it out, especially if you're the boss. I like this list because it is very comprehensive. Another upside of is that all of the shortcomings are behavioral. That means even if you possess all of these undesirable characteristics, you can change and improve. Improve how? Here's an article about what you can do instead.

There was a whole ton of executive derailment research in the late 80's and 90's and they found four common themes, over and over:
• problems with interpersonal relationships
• failure to meet business objectives
• failure to build and lead a team
• inability to change or adapt during a transition

Looking at the list above, those four factors are certainly still playing a role in derailment today.

The Original
Thanks to Jack Zenger and Joseph Folkman of Zenger/Folkman for the research. They studied executives who were considered ineffective and/or have been fired:

Study 1: 360-degree feedback data was collected on more than 450 Fortune 500 executives. Then the common characteristics of the 31 who were fired over the next three years.

Study 2: 360-degree feedback data from more than 11,000 leaders was analyzed. The 10% who were considered least effective were identified. They then compared the ineffective leaders with the fired leaders to come up with the 10 most common leadership shortcomings.

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The Executive Selection Mystery

Written on Thursday, June 18, 2009 by Eva



The skill set that is required for success at an individual contributor and entry-level job gets old quickly. As you achieve results by doing things right, you get put into a position that now requires you to do the right things. As this happens, your technical expertise matter less and less. That's pretty well-known by now. But past that mid-managerial level is where it gets fuzzy. How is success defined at executive levels?

Well, it's not really. The hallmark of an exec/strategy role is that it's undefined. So there's no prescriptive way to do it, meaning there is no job analysis or a job description to go along with it:


"Executive jobs are very different than jobs at the bottom of the hierarchy. In lower level jobs, there often is a "right way" to do a job. The "right" behaviors are closely tied to the results one gets. At the top, there is not prescription of behaviors that will succeed or fail -- there are as many combinations and nuances as there are people; the same result may come from many different behaviors." -George Hollenbeck, Executive Selection -- What's Right… and What's Wrong

If that's the case, how are the appropriate people chosen for those roles? From an individual perspective, how do hi-potential wannabes know what to do to get that promotion? The June issue of Harvard Business review points out that often they don't:

"The company’s competency model included 'develop talent' but didn’t specify that having a track record for doing so was nonnegotiable for anyone who wanted to rise. The information void wasn’t a matter of malice; rather, it was due to assumptions that nobody thought to make explicit and an all-too-human reluctance to deliver bad news. Managers and HR professionals oft en provide intentionally vague feedback for fear of losing a good employee. Further, although most leadership competency models refer in some way to important management skills and attributes, they typically fail to distinguish nice-to-have from nonnegotiable skills." - HBR, Why You Didn't Get That Promotion

I think this is where that whole, You Need a Mentor to Succeed thing comes in. When you have developed a level of trust with someone, they are more likely to give you candid feedback and provide tips on what you really need to do to get where you want to be. If you don't have one, here's the Cliff Notes, courtesy of the aforementioned HBR article:

The Unwritten Rules for Executive Selection:

Nonnegotiables:


  • Consistently strong performance… results matter because executive performance is crucial to organizational performance
  • Ethics/Integrity/Character… who you are is important because there are some behavioral characteristics that don't change much
  • Driven to lead with more responsibility… behavior is crucial because past actions are a decent predictor of future performance

Deselectors:


  • Weak interpersonal skills
  • Insensitivity to others
  • Self-interest over the company
  • Narrow business perspective

Selectors/Distinguishers:


  • Strategic thinking
  • Trend spotter
  • Recruiting and developing a great team
  • Leading a successful implementation
  • Innovation enabler
  • Courage and tolerance for risk
  • Internal boundary spanning
  • Change management skills
  • Influence and persuasion
  • Conflict management skills
  • Continuous learning, growth, and professional development
  • Adaptability

I'm surprised the value of one's network wasn't emphasized more in the article.
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Advice to Grad Students

Written on Thursday, June 18, 2009 by Eva


To provide graduate students with insights from practitioners, Ben Baran from Foster Excellence has launched an “Early-Career Practitioner Conversations” series, which provides advice from successful practitioners who earned a graduate degree in industrial/organizational psychology, human resource management, or a related field within the past five years.

For the first feature, Ben interviewed me. Check it out here:
http://www.fosterexcellence.com/2009/06/io-psychology-graduate-students-get.html
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